Indonesia is unique and interesting for endemic fish species because it is located along the equator which was influenced by the biogeography of the Asian continent and the Australian continent [1]. The endemic fish in Indonesia have characteristics of different ecologically and climatologically [1,2]. Lake endemics fish in Sulawesi are known from Lakes Poso, Lindu and the Malili Lakes system in Central Sulawesi [3,4,5]. In other regions of Indonesia which are good habitats for various endemic fish species such as Lake Sentani [6].

MAJALAH LIMNOTEK Perairan Darat Tropis di Indonesia merupakan penerbitan berkala ilmiah di bidang limnologi dan kajian sumber daya perairan darat lainnya, yang terakreditasi sesuai dengan SK Kepala LIPI No. 659/AU3/P2MI-LIPI/07/2015, tentang Akreditasi Majalah Ilmiah LIMNOTEK, Perairan Darat Tropis di Indonesia. Diterbitkan dua kali setahun oleh Pusat Penelitian Limnologi, Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia. Majalah ini diharapkan dapat berfungsi sebagai wahana diseminasi dan komunikasi hasilhasil penelitian dan pengembangan sumber daya perairan darat, khususnya di Indonesia.

Mahalona Lake is located in Towuti District, East Luwu Regency, South Sulawesi Province. Geographically, this lake is centered at 121°29’S – 2°36’E and administratively, is a conservation area for the Nature Tourism Park (TWA) of Mahalona Lake.

Lake Mahalona and its catchment area are important for global biodiversity, having qualified as a Key Biodiversity Area (KBA) which is defined as: “a site that contributes significantly to the sustainability of global biodiversity”, in terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecosystems. Furthermore, Lake Mahalona and
its catchment area are identified as an Alliance for Zero Extinction Site (AZE) which is defined as “a site that contributes effectively to the entire global population area of Critically Endangered or Endangered species (IUCN, 2016). The species in Lake Mahalona meeting the criterion A1e are the ones that make the site an AZE site presented in the table below.

Danau Matano adalah satu dari lima danau di wilayah Propinsi Sulawesi Selatan yang dikenal dengan nama Malili Kompleks. Keempat danau lainnya adalah Mahalona, Towuti, Wawontoa dan Masapi. Diantara kelima danau tersebut, Matano merupakan danau yang terletak di daerah yang tertinggi yaitu 382 m dari permukaan laut, sedangkan bagian terdalamnya mencapai 590 m. Satu tim peneliti yang berasal dari Pus’lit Biologi-LIPI, IPB dan Kehutanan mendapat dana dari Asean Regional Center for Biodiversity Conservation (ARCBC, yang merupakan badan ke{asama antara Asean dan Uni Eropa) untuk melakukan penelitian di kelima danau tersebut, ketiga danau tersebut di atas yaitu Danau Matano, Mahalona dan Towuti. Makalah ini merupakan hasil dari empat kali kerja lapang di Danau Matano, sedangkan keseluruhan rencana ke{a lapang adalah 7 kali, sehingga hasil ini merupakan studi pendahuluan.

Indonesia is the biggest archipelagic nation
with a length of coastline at 95.181 km [1] and angrove areas estimated at 3.244.018 ha, which is mainly distributed in Sumatera, Jawa, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, and Papua [2]. These mangrove areas are home to 35 % of fish in the world [2]. The Bone Gulf is one of the Indonesian waters located between South Sulawesi and Southeast Sulawesi, with a length of coastline at 1.128 km [3]. It bears mangrove areas, sandy beaches, and a coast planted with palm oil.